Mahavishnu Orchestra - The Inner Mounting Flame (1971)

This is the album that made John McLaughlin a semi-household name, a furious, high-energy, yet rigorously conceived meeting of virtuosos that, for all intents and purposes, defined the fusion of jazz and rock a year after Miles Davis' Bitches Brew breakthrough. It also inadvertently led to the derogatory connotation of the word fusion, for it paved the way for an army of imitators, many of whose excesses and commercial panderings devalued the entire movement. Though much was made of the influence of jazz-influenced improvisation in the Mahavishnu band, it is the rock element that predominates, stemming directly from the electronic innovations of Jimi Hendrix. The improvisations, particularly McLaughlin's post-Hendrix machine-gun assaults on double-necked electric guitar and Jerry Goodman's flights on electric violin, owe more to the freakouts that had been circulating in progressive rock circles than to jazz, based as they often are on ostinatos on one chord. These still sound genuinely thrilling today on CD, as McLaughlin and Goodman battle Jan Hammer's keyboards, Rick Laird's bass, and especially Billy Cobham's hard-charging drums, whose jazz-trained technique pushed the envelope for all rock drummers. What doesn't date so well are the composed medium- and high-velocity unison passages that are played in such tight lockstep that they can't breathe. There is also time out for quieter, reflective numbers that are drenched in studied spirituality ("A Lotus on Irish Streams") or irony ("You Know You Know"); McLaughlin was to do better in that department with less-driven colleagues elsewhere in his career. Aimed with absolute precision at young rock fans, this record was wildly popular in its day, and it may have been the cause of more blown-out home amplifiers than any other record this side of Deep Purple.

by Richard S. Ginell at All Music Guide.

Styles:
Jazz-Rock
Fusion

Tracks:
01 Meeting of the Spirits
02 Dawn
03 The Noonward Race
04 A Lotus on Irish Streams
05 Vital Transformation
06 The Dance of Maya
07 You Know You Know
08 Awakening

Line-up:
John McLaughlin - guitar
Rick Laird - bass
Billy Cobham - drums / percussion
Jan Hammer - keyboards / organ
Jerry Goodman - violin

Mahavishnu Orchestra at Syracuse University (1972)

Tracks:
01 Meeting of the Spirits
02 The Dance of Maya
03 Dawn

Line-up:
John McLaughlin - guitars
Billy Cobham - drums
Rick Laird - bass
Jan Hammer - electric piano / organ
Jerry Goodman - violin

Weather Report - Mysterious Traveller (1974)

Weather Report's fourth recording finds Wayne Shorter (on soprano and tenor) taking a lesser role as Joe Zawinul begins to really dominate the group's sound. Most selections also include bassist Alphonso Johnson and drummer Ishmael Wilburn although the personnel shifts from track to track. "Nubian Sundance" adds several vocalists while "Blackthorn Rose" is a Shorter-Zawinul duet. Overall the music is pretty stimulating and sometimes adventurous; high-quality fusion from 1974.

by Scott Yanow at All Music Guide.

Styles:
Fusion

Tracks:
01 Nubian Sundance
02 American Tango
03 Cucumber Slumber
04 Mysterious Traveller
05 Blackthorn Rose
06 Scarlet Woman
07 Jungle Book

Line-up:
Joe Zawinul - acoustic and electric piano / synthesizer / guitar / kalimba / organ / tamboura / clay drum / tack piano / melodica
Wayne Shorter - soprano and tenor saxophone / tack piano
Alphonso Johnson - bass
Ishmael Wilburn - drums
Skip Hadden - drums (tracks 1 and 4 only)
Dom Um Romão - percussion / drums

Guests:
Miroslav Vitous - bass (track 2)
Ray Barretto - percussion (track 3)
Meruga - percussion (track 1)
Steve Little - timpani (track 6)
Don Ashworth - ocarinas and woodwinds (track 7)
Isacoff - tabla / finger cymbals (track 7)
Edna Wright - vocalists (track 1)
Marti McCall - vocalists (track 1)
Jessica Smith - vocalists (track 1)
James Gilstrad - vocalists (track 1)
Billie Barnum - vocalists (track 1)

Herbie Hancock - Flood (1975)

Herbie Hancock and the Headhunters take to the road in the live double album Flood, recorded and released only in Japan. Contrary to the impression left by his American releases at this time, Hancock was still very much attached to the acoustic piano, as his erudite opening workout on "Maiden Voyage/Actual Proof" with his funk rhythm section makes clear. The electric keyboards, mostly Rhodes piano and clavinet, make their first appearances on side two, where Hancock now becomes more of a funky adjunct to the rhythm section, bumping along with a superb feeling for the groove while Bennie Maupin takes the high road above on a panoply of winds. Except for "Voyage," the tunes come from the Head Hunters, Thrust, and Man-Child albums (another reason why this was not released in the U.S.). "Chameleon" comes with a lengthy outbreak of machine pink noise that attests to Hancock's wide-eyed love of gadgetry. In all, this was a great funk band, not all that danceable because of the rapid complexities of Mike Clark's drumming, and quite often, full of harmonic depth and adventure.

by Richard S. Ginell at All Music Guide.

Styles:
Jazz-Funk
Funk
Fusion
Post-Bop

Tracks:
01 Introduction/Mayden Voyage
02 Actual Proof
03 Spank-A-Lee
04 Watermelon Man
05 Butterfly
06 Chameleon
07 Hang up Your Hangs Ups

Line-up:
Mike Clark – drums
Herbie Hancock – acoustic piano / fender rhodes / clavinet / arp odyssey / arp soloist / arp string ensemble
Paul Jackson – fender bass
Bennie Maupin – soprano and tenor saxophone / saxello / bass clarinet / flute / percussion
Dewayne McKnight – guitar
Bill Summers – congas / percussion

Herbie Hancock - Empyrean Isles (1964)

My Point of View and Inventions and Dimensions found Herbie Hancock exploring the fringes of hard bop, working with a big band and a Latin-flavored percussion section, respectively. On Empyrean Isles, he returns to hard bop, but the results are anything but conventional. Working with cornetist Freddie Hubbard, bassist Ron Carter, and drummer Tony Williams -- a trio just as young and adventurous as he was -- Hancock pushes at the borders of hard bop, finding a brilliantly evocative balance between traditional bop, soul-injected grooves, and experimental, post-modal jazz. Hancock's four original concepts are loosely based on the myths of the Empyrean Isles, and they are designed to push the limits of the band and of hard bop. Even "Cantaloupe Island," well-known for its funky piano riff, takes chances and doesn't just ride the groove. "The Egg," with its minimal melody and extended solo improvisations, is the riskiest number on the record, but it works because each musician spins inventive, challenging solos that defy convention. In comparison, "One Finger Snap" and "Oliloqui Valley" (alternate takes of both tracks are included as bonuses on the CD reissue) adhere to hard bop conventions, but each song finds the quartet vigorously searching for new sonic territory with convincing fire. That passion informs all of Empyrean Isles, a record that officially established Hancock as a major artist in his own right.

by Stephen Thomas Erlewine at All Music Guide.

Styles:
Modal Music
Hard Bop

Tracks:
01 One Finger Snap
02 Oliloqui Valley
03 Cantaloupe Island
04 The Egg
05 One Finger Snap (alternate take)
06 Oliloqui Valley (alternate take)

Line-up:
Herbie Hancock - piano
Freddie Hubbard - cornet / flugelhorn
Ron Carter - bass
Tony Williams - drums

Weather Report - Sweetnighter (1973)

Right from the start, a vastly different Weather Report emerges here, one that reflects co-leader Joe Zawinul's developing obsession with the groove. It is the groove that rules this mesmerizing album, leading off with the irresistible 3/4 marathon deceptively tagged as the "Boogie Woogie Waltz" and proceeding through a variety of Latin-grounded hip-shakers. It is a record of discovery for Zawinul, who augments his Rhodes electric piano with a funky wah-wah pedal, unveils the ARP synthesizer as a melodic instrument and sound-effects device, and often coasts along on one chord. The once fiery Wayne Shorter has been tamed, for he now contributes mostly sustained ethereal tunes on soprano sax, his tone sometimes doubled for a pleasing octave effect. The wane of freewheeling ensemble interplay is more than offset by the big increase in rhythmic push; bassist Miroslav Vitous, drummer Eric Gravatt, and percussionist Dom Um Romao are now cogs in one of jazz's great swinging machines.

by Richard S. Ginell at All Music Guide.

Styles:
Fusion

Tracks:
01 Boogie Woogie Waltz
02 Manolete
03 Adios
04 125th Street Congress
05 Will
06 Non-Stop Home

Line-up:
Joe Zawinul - acoustic and electric piano / synthesizer
Wayne Shorter - soprano and tenor saxophone
Miroslav Vitous - acoustic and electric bass
Eric Gravátt - drums (tracks 2, 4 and 6)
Dom Um Romão - percussion

With:
Muruga Booker - percussion
Andrew White - electric bass (tracks 1, 4 and 6), English horn (tracks 3 and 5)
Herschel Dwellingham - drums (tracks 1, 2, 3 and 6)

Weather Report - I Sing The Body Electric (1972)

Like the weather itself, this band would assume a new shape with virtually every release -- and this album, half recorded in the studio and half live in Tokyo, set the pattern of change. Exit Airto Moreira and Alphonse Mouzon; enter percussionist Dom Um Romao, drummer Eric Gravatt, and a slew of cameo guests like guitarist Ralph Towner, flutist Hubert Laws, and others. The studio tracks are more biting, more ethnically diverse in influence, and more laden with electronic effects and grandiose structural complexities than before. The live material (heard in full on the import Live in Tokyo) is even fiercer and showcases for the first time some of the tremendous drive WR was capable of, though it doesn't give you much of an idea of its stream of consciousness nature.

by Richard S. Ginell at All Music Guide.

Styles:
Fusion

Tracks:
01 Unknown Soldier
02 The Moors
03 Crystal
04 Second Sunday in August
05 Medley: T.H./Dr. Honoris Causa
06 Surucucú
07 Directions

Line-up:
Joe Zawinul - acoustic and electric keyboard
Wayne Shorter - reeds
Miroslav Vitous - bass
Eric Gravátt - drums
Dom Um Romão - percussion

Guests:
Andrew White - english horn
Hubert Laws, Jr. - flute
Wilmer Wise - d and piccolo trumpet
Yolanda Bavan - singer
Joshie Armstrong - singer
Chapman Roberts - singer
Ralph Towner - 12 strings guitar

John Coltrane Quartet with Eric Dolphy (1961)

Tracks:
01 Every Time We Say Goodbye
02 Impressions (with Eric Dolphy)
03 My Favorite Things (with Eric Dolphy)

Line-up:
John Coltrane - soprano and tenor saxophone
Eric Dolphy - alto saxophone / flute
McCoy Tyner - piano
Elvin Jones - drums
Steve Davis - bass

Miles Davis at Isle of Wight - Call It Anything (1970)